CRIMINOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF THE CRIMINAL PROCESS (FROM CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM OF THE USSR, 1979, BY M CHERIF BASSIOULI AAND V M SAVITSKI - SEE NCJ-58384)

• NCJ Number: 58388
• Author(s): A M YAKOVLEV
• Date Published: 1979
• Length: 29 pages
• Corporate Author: Charles C. Thomas
• Publication Format: Document
• Language: English
• Country: United States of America

Annotation

SINCE MOST CRIMES IN THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS ARISE FROM OVERUSE OF ALCOHOL AND BREAKDOWNS IN FAMILY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE, PREVENTION EFFORTS FOCUS ON JUVENILES, ALCOHOLISM, AND RECIDIVISTS.

Abstract

ALTHOUGH THE OVERALL CRIME RATE IN 1967 WAS LESS THAN HALF THE RATE FOR 1946, THE DECLINE HAS BEEN UNEVEN. RESEARCH HAS FOUND THAT CRIME RATES ARE LOWEST IN RURAL AREAS, WHICH STILL HAVE STRONG FAMILY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES, AND ARE HIGHEST IN MOBILE URBAN AREAS. PARTICULAR ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO THE PREVENTION OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY THROUGH CHILD PROTECTION LAWS, WHICH PROVIDE FOR THE REMOVAL OF CHILDREN FROM THE HOME IN CASES OF ABUSE OR NEGLECT OR WHEN THE FAMILY IS PROVIDING INADEQUATE SUPERVISION. PREDELINQUENT YOUNG PEOPLE ARE OFTEN SENT TO SPECIAL TRAINING SCHOOLS TO DETER DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR. BECAUSE ALCOHOLISM IS STRONGLY IMPLICATED IN CASES OF HOMICIDE, PERSONAL VIOLENCE, THEFT, AND MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED CRIMES, MANDATORY ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT FACILITIES EXIST TO WHICH COURTS FREQUENTLY REFER OFFENDERS. ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION PROGRAMS HAVE ALSO BEEN ESTABLISHED FOR DANGEROUS RECIDIVISTS AND PERSONS WHO HAVE SERVED SENTENCES FOR GRAVE CRIMES. THE LOCAL SOVIETS OF PEOPLE'S DEPUTIES ARE REQUIRED TO FIND EMPLOYMENT FOR ALL PERSONS RELEASED FROM PRISON. MOREOVER, RELEASED EXOFFENDERS ARE GIVEN SUITABLE CLOTHES, FOOD, AND MONEY FOR THEIR TRIP TO THEIR PLACE OF RESIDENCE. REFERENCES AND SOME STATISTICS ARE PROVIDED. (GLR)