NCJ Number
167357
Date Published
1997
Length
23 pages
Annotation
This article describes the various cognitive techniques that have been applied, by Federal agencies and other researchers, to the study of sensitive questions.
Abstract
Maximizing the tendency of survey respondents to answer truthfully when sensitive questions are presented is a critical issue in survey methodology. A recent development that focuses on reducing response error in survey data is the use of cognitive laboratory techniques during survey development. This article describes the techniques and recommends specific aspects of survey design when sensitive questions are administered. Cognitive laboratory study is distinguished from field experimentation in that this research is carried out as an explicit psychological experiment in the laboratory; is generally small in scale and qualitative in nature; and typically uses either focus groups, group discussions, or cognitive interviewing of individuals. The article concludes that: (1) face-to-face or telephone administration of sensitive questions may be inadvisable, especially when the questions pertain to illegal behaviors; (2) behavioral frequency questions should use open- rather than closed-ended format; (3) questionnaires on drug use should be relatively short to avoid respondent fatigue and increasing response error; and (4) the complexity of the concepts presented to respondents should be limited, especially where questions require them to provide a self-assessment of cause-and-effect relationships between drug use and deleterious life events. References