Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (From Imprisonment Today and Tomorrow: International Perspectives on Prisoners' Rights and Prison Conditions, P 657-672, 1991, Dirk van Zyl Smit and Frieder Dunkel, eds. -- See NCJ-133824)

• NCJ Number: 133844
• Author(s): A Uss
• Date Published: 1991
• Length: 16 pages
• Sale Source: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers
• Publication Type: Legislation/Policy Analysis
• Language: English
• Country: Netherlands
• Note: *This document is currently unavailable from NCJRS.

Annotation

Imprisonment has an important role in the corrections policies in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, although policy reforms focusing increasingly on alternatives to institutionalization have resulted in a decline in custodial sentences from more than 50 percent before the early 1980's to a current level of 30-35 percent.

Abstract

The current criminal law provides for prison sentences ranging from 3 months to 10 years, with longer terms in specific cases. A conditional conviction with a requirement to work is a sanction between imprisonment and probation. Pretrial detention is also permitted. In the 1950's and 1960's, significant progress has occurred in making prisons more humane and ensuring that legal requirements are followed. The three types of institutions are reformative labor colony settlements which are like villages; reformative labor colonies which are regular institutions; and prisons. Incarcerated juveniles ages 14-18 serve their terms in educational labor colonies. All prisoners are required to work. Prison law recognizes certain privileges as incentives for good behavior. Furloughs and the introduction of open institutions have made prisons less restrictive. Soviet criminal law is currently undergoing basic change toward a relaxation of penal social control and a movement away from custodial sanctions. 4 references