NCJ Number
225346
Journal
Substance Use & Misuse Volume: 43 Issue: 12-13 Dated: 2008 Pages: 1802-1828
Date Published
2008
Length
27 pages
Annotation
This literature review examines differences between adolescent and adult substance abuse and prevention/treatment approaches, as well as future directions and needs for more effective adolescent substance abuse treatment programming.
Abstract
Adolescent substance use may differ from adult substance use in at least six ways. First, regular use may or may not be considered “abuse” in adults; whereas, it might be considered “abuse” in youths because of the potential for adverse developmental effects. Second, adolescents may exhibit less physical dependence and fewer physical problems related to substance abuse and consume less overall than adults. Third, high-risk situations may differ between adolescents and adults. Fourth, teens may exhibit relatively high rates of dual diagnosis. Fifth, teens may be relatively less likely to seek treatment and relapse more quickly than adults after treatment. For adolescents, apparently no single treatment is likely to be appropriate and effective for all adolescents or for the same adolescent at different times in his/her life. Still, current knowledge suggests that all treatment programs for adolescents should include some type of continuing care or self-care regimen. Treatment programs might include a component that encourages adolescents to form attachments with prosocial, nondrug users. It is essential that the treatment intervention, treatment setting, and related services be matched to the particular problems and needs of the individual. Recovery among teens should consider developmental challenges that extend over time and are recognized by teens as needing resolution. 123 references