NCJ Number
229130
Date Published
2009
Length
103 pages
Annotation
This annual report provides a detailed assessment of Europe's drug problem for 2009.
Abstract
Based on information provided to the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) by the European Union (EU) member states, statistical data is reported, related to the year 2007, on the drug situation. Chapter 1 discusses the content of the new drug policy documents and the role of organizations representing civil society in their formation. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the response to drug problems in Europe highlighting trends, developments, and quality issues. Chapter 3 discusses supply and availability, prevalence and patterns of use, and treatment of cannabis. Chapter 4 discusses supply and availability, prevalence and patterns of use, recreational settings, and treatment of amphetamines, ecstasy, and hallucinogenic substances. Global amphetamine production remains concentrated in Europe, accounting for 81 percent of all amphetamine laboratories reported in 2007. Chapter 5 discusses supply and availability, prevalence and patterns of use, health consequences, problem use and treatment demand, and treatment and harm reduction of cocaine and crack cocaine. Cocaine remains the second most used illicit drug in Europe after cannabis. Chapter 6 discusses supply and availability and treatment of opioid use and drug injection. Chapter 7 discusses trends and incidences of drug-related infectious diseases and drug-related deaths, such as HIV and hepatitis B and C, and responses to infectious diseases and reduction of deaths. By the end of 2007, the incidence of reported HIV infection among injecting drug users appears to have remained low in most European countries. Chapter 8 introduces the emergence of new psychoactive substances and actions taken by the EU Council to identify trends in these new substances through the early warning system. In 2008, a synthetic cannabinoid was reported through the early-warning system. In addition, the Internet has become the new avenue in which to market psychoactive substances. Tables, figures, and references