NCJ Number
105875
Journal
Journal of Black Studies Volume: 15 Issue: 3 Dated: (March 1984) Pages: 243-258
Date Published
1985
Length
16 pages
Annotation
This article provides a critique of various theories of urban violence and proposes a political perspective as a sounder approach.
Abstract
Among hypotheses (pseudotheories) put forth for urban violence are those that attribute it to criminality, lower class pathology, cultural shock, youth rebellion, or conspiracy. These, however, are devoid of historical perspective and lack the empirical referents necessary for verification. Most are scapegoat theories that often blame the victim. Middle-range theories developed by social scientists, such as strain, alienation, frustration-aggression, relative deprivation, and marginality provide more meaningful models for understanding urban violence and rioting, but they neglect a comprehensive examination of the wide ranging social and political significance of racial discrimination to urban violence. Such a perspective highlights the ramifications of the powerful in shaping the development of violent protest among blacks and the interactive character of relations between blacks and the dominant powerholders. From this perspective, rioting is a form of violence conceived as anger at the inadequacy of the political system in processing demands and making responsive and equitable political and economic allocations. 26 references.