NCJ Number
79183
Journal
Journal of Prison Health Volume: 1 Issue: 1 Dated: (Spring/Summer 1981) Pages: 7-29
Date Published
1981
Length
23 pages
Annotation
General and specific epidemiologic studies concerning jail and prison populations are reviewed, with emphasis on those studies performed since 1970.
Abstract
The general studies reviewed include the Michigan clinical assessment survey, (1974), the Tennessee prison study (1972-73), the American Medical Association jail study (1977), the Minnesota City-County Workhouse study (1978), and the New York City detention facilities studies (1970's). Available information is also given on the morbidity of specific conditions, including hypertension; alcohol, drug abuse, and liver disease; seizure disorders; tuberculosis; and venereal diseases. Current knowledge regarding mortality rates among prisoners is examined. These studies demonstrate that there is a marked overlap between the demographic and epidemiologic characteristics of prisoner and inner city populations. General epidemiologic studies of prisoners document high prevalence of dental and periodontal disease, sequelae of trauma and of drug and alcohol abuse, mental disorders, hepatitis, tuberculosis, venereal disease, and seizure disorders. Although available knowledge of mortality rates among prisoners is limited, suicide plays a major role in jail fatalities. One of the major inadequacies of health services in correctional institutions is the failure to recognize the need for and to systematically collect epidemiologic information concerning health needs of the population. Adequate public health and health care service programs in prisons and jails are essential if community health services are to become effective and equitable. Data tables, 6 reference notes, and about 50 references are given. (Author abstract modified)