NCJ Number
129406
Date Published
1990
Length
29 pages
Annotation
Juvenile delinquency occurs in widely varying macrosocial contexts, and macrosocial forces are related to variations in delinquency rates for different social systems, cultures, and structures.
Abstract
Comparative, historical, ethnographic, and sociological research have demonstrated enormous variations in the amount of delinquent and criminal behavior between different societies and cultures. Macro-level variables are involved in explaining delinquent behavior categories and the way in which families and communities contribute to and attempt to control such behavior. Culture and social structure are interdependent and have changed beliefs about children and families. Many types of delinquent and criminal subcultures are present in societies, and these subcultures are particularly pronounced in light of increased mobility and communication made possible by technology. Cultural themes define what is valued in societies, and the degree of integration between conventional and criminal value systems has a profound impact on the character of juvenile delinquency. Relations between adolescents and adults also affect delinquent behavior, as do ecological and demographic trends. Community control of delinquent behavior is weakened in areas of ecological transition as a result of changing land use patterns in cities, high population density, and ineffective conventional institutions. The significance of gangs as a delinquent subculture is discussed, and the impact of routine activities and lifestyles on delinquent behavior is addressed. 54 notes, 2 tables, and 1 figure