U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

NCJRS Virtual Library

The Virtual Library houses over 235,000 criminal justice resources, including all known OJP works.
Click here to search the NCJRS Virtual Library

Guide for First Responders to Hostage Situations

NCJ Number
117372
Journal
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Dated: (April 1989) Pages: 9-13
Author(s)
J T Dolan; G D Fuselier
Date Published
1989
Length
5 pages
Annotation
Because the first 15 to 45 minutes can be critical in unplanned hostage situations, this article provides guidelines for first responding officers.
Abstract
While first responders are not recommended to initiate negotiations, it may be appropriate for them to initiate contact to assess the situation and gain intelligence. During the initial contact, officers should approach the area cautiously; attempt to isolate, contain, and evaluate the situation; provide an initial report; and request additional resources. The next actions should be aimed at reducing the likelihood of additional violence by evacuating pedestrians, reassuring the subject, and attempting to calm him or her. Officers should avoid asking questions or eliciting demands and should listen carefully to the subject's responses. After containment officers should keep a log, allow the subject to speak, avoid giving orders that may escalate confrontation, minimize the seriousness of the crime, and avoid directing attention at the victim. They also should be as honest as possible, ask for clarification of the subject's statements if necessary, soften demands if possible, and not set or accept deadlines. Outsiders should not be introduced nor should an exchange of hostages be allowed. The surrender and exit process should be carefully planned, with an emphasis on safety and control issues. 4 footnotes.