NCJ Number
122876
Date Published
1982
Length
262 pages
Annotation
This analysis of deviance examines theories and empirical findings related to six basic perspectives that have shaped sociological discussions of the subject and combines them into a general theory of deviance and social control.
Abstract
The six perspectives are functionalism, definitional theory, the labeling perspective, anomie theory, the theory of social and cultural support, and the conflict perspective. Each theory is presented in terms of its contribution to a more general understanding of deviant behavior. The discussion emphasizes the need to qualify critical arguments and to identify the context within which definitions of deviance arise. It also proposes a theory that provides for simultaneous and mutually reinforcing influences of three types: structural, interactional, and social psychological. Thus, it argues that deviance functions in social systems to establish and protect boundaries that are consistent with organizational principles. These boundaries are communicated to members of the group through the definition of the situation. In addition, when the original reference group withholds support, individuals will shift identification to groups from which they can obtain acceptance and reward. Figures, case examples, chapter notes and reference lists, and index.