NCJ Number
95727
Date Published
1984
Length
49 pages
Annotation
This booklet describes crime characteristics in contemporary Sweden, identifies changes in crime patterns, and describes social control measures to counter crime patterns.
Abstract
The problem of 'hidden' criminality (crime not revealed in official statistics) is addressed, and three factors that determine the amount of hidden crime are noted: offense seriousness, type of offense, and victim-offender relationship. Attempts to expose hidden criminality through self-report studies, victim studies, and analyses of the social systems within which the crimes are committed are reported. Reported criminality is addressed, and the increase between crimes reported in 1950 (160,000) and in 1980 (760,000) is noted. Offender statistics show that most offenders are young males. Juveniles most often commit theft and vandalism, while adults primarily commit theft, fraud, and traffic offenses. Victimization risk is discussed: men are more at risk than women, young people are more at risk than older persons, and people living in metropolitan areas are more at risk than those living in other areas. The cost of and the damage caused by criminality are considered, and the control exerted by the criminal law is assessed. The discussion of developments in criminal policy considers the social control exerted by law, sanctions, and treatment as well as criminal justice procedures. Developments in criminal policy during the 1970's and 1980's are noted. Problems encountered when trying to develop social control policy from crime cause theories are discussed. Nine figures are provided.