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Children's Fright and Anxiety Responses to Television and Movies: The Neglected Effects of Media Violence

NCJ Number
151056
Author(s)
G G Sparks
Date Published
1994
Length
25 pages
Annotation
Using results of several studies, this paper focuses on children's emotional reactions to media that contain frightening and violent images and concludes that these emotional effects of violence are probably even more pervasive than the well-documented effects on aggressive behavior.
Abstract
The results of the studies support a cognitive- developmental theory that predicts the age range during which children demonstrate their greatest emotional sensitivity to media violence. The theory and data on children's fright responses to media violence suggest that parents, educators, members of the film industry, and members of the broadcasting industry should become much more sensitive to the potential emotional harm induced by violent programming. Parents should abandon the common household viewing rule that permits more exposure to media violence just because a child is older, because emotional reactions to media violence pose a greater risk for older children than they do for younger children. When exposure to media violence causes emotional upset, the calm and assuring disposition of a parent can help the child. Educators can also have an important role in minimizing the emotional effects of violent media. News broadcasters should also be aware of the potential of their broadcasts for causing extensive fright, upset, and anxiety among children. Finally, the film industry rating system desperately needs revision regarding media violence. 25 references