NCJ Number
171827
Date Published
1996
Length
11 pages
Annotation
This report on the findings of recent studies on the use of anabolic steroids in the United States is intended to educate the public about these drugs and the dangers of misusing them.
Abstract
Steroids are drugs derived from hormones. Anabolic steroids comprise one group of these hormonal drugs. In certain cases, some may have therapeutic value. Anabolic steroids are designed to mimic the bodybuilding traits of testosterone while minimizing its "masculinizing" effects. Athletes who have used anabolic steroids -- as well as some coaches, trainers, and physicians -- report significant increases in lean muscle mass, strength, and endurance; no studies, however, show that the substances enhance performance, since they do not improve agility, skill, or cardiovascular capacity. Surveys and anecdotal evidence indicate that the rate of nonmedical steroids use may be increasing. Although controlled studies on the long-term outcome of megadosing with anabolic steroids have not been conducted, extensive research on prescribed doses for medical use has documented the potential side effects of the drugs, even when taken in small doses. Some possible side effects for males are the shrinking of the testicles, reduced sperm count, impotence, baldness, difficulty or pain in urinating, development of breasts, and enlarged prostate. For women, side effects may include changes in or cessation of the menstrual cycle, enlargement of the clitoris, deepened voice, and breast reduction. Possible effects for both sexes are reduction in "good" cholesterol, high blood pressure, liver damage and cancers, and aching joints. Those who use needles to inject the steroids run the risk of HIV/AIDS from contaminated needles. Damaging psychological effects have also been reported. Prevention is the best solution to halting the growing abuse of anabolic steroids. The time to educate youth is before they become users. A list of 24 resources