NCJ Number
161545
Date Published
1996
Length
15 pages
Annotation
This essay discusses the parameters for a critical criminology in the 1990's.
Abstract
The discussion develops the central argument that critical criminology recognizes the reciprocity inherent in the relationship between structure and agency, but also that structural relations embody the primary determining contexts of production, reproduction, and neocolonialism. In order to understand the dynamics of life in advanced capitalist societies and the institutionalization of ideological relations within the state and other key agencies, it is important to take account of the historical, political, and economic contexts of classism, sexism, heterosexism, and racism. The discussion shows the basis upon which class fragmentation occurs and how those economically marginalized are exposed to the processes of criminalization. Additionally, the post-colonial exploitation of migrant and immigrant labor has served capitalism and has led to a form of segregation connected directly to racism. Finally, patriarchy has been functional for capital in both the public and private spheres. The interpretation and analysis of these primary determining contexts, however, cannot be limited to economic imperatives. Patriarchy and neocolonialism are also political forms that fuel opposition. Yet, at the ideological level, their construct as oppressive social and political orders is justified and reinforced. The criminal justice process and the rule of law assist in the management of structural contradictions, and the process of criminalization is central to such management. While maintaining the face of consent through negotiation, the tacit understanding is that coercion remains the legitimate and sole prerogative of the liberal democratic state. 90 references