U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

NCJRS Virtual Library

The Virtual Library houses over 235,000 criminal justice resources, including all known OJP works.
Click here to search the NCJRS Virtual Library

Forensic Body Fluid Identification: The Raman Spectroscopic Signature of Saliva

NCJ Number
255491
Journal
Analyst Volume: 135 Dated: 2010 Pages: 512-517
Author(s)
K. Virkler; I. K. Lednev
Date Published
2010
Length
6 pages
Annotation

This article reports on the role of heterogeneity within a single human saliva sample, as well as among samples from multiple donors.

Abstract

The potential use of Raman spectroscopy for nondestructive, confirmatory identification of body fluids at the crime scene has been reported recently (Virkler and Lednev, Forensic Sci.,Int., 2008, 181, e1–e5); however, those experiments were performed using only one sample of each body fluid and did not investigate the potential for spectral variations among different donors of the same fluid. In addressing this issue, the current study used near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy to measure spectra of pure dried human saliva samples from multiple donors in a controlled laboratory environment. Principal component analysis of spectra obtained from multiple spots on dry samples showed that dry saliva is heterogeneous and its Raman spectra could be presented as a linear combination of a fluorescent background and three spectral components. The major chemical components known to be present in saliva were used to tentatively identify the principal spectral components. The issue of potential spectral variations that could arise between different donors of saliva was also addressed. The relative contribution of each of the three components varied with donor, so no single spectrum could effectively represent an experimental Raman spectrum of dry saliva in a quantitative way. The combination of these three spectral components could be considered to be a spectroscopic signature for saliva. This proof-of-concept approach shows the potential for Raman spectroscopy to identify an unknown substance to be saliva during forensic analysis. (publisher abstract modified)

Downloads

Availability