NCJ Number
145913
Journal
Journal of Forensic Sciences Volume: 38 Issue: 6 Dated: (November 1993) Pages: 1478-1481
Date Published
1993
Length
4 pages
Annotation
This paternity study was performed with trios in which the putative father was not the biological father (NBF), so as to evaluate the effectiveness of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) -A and -B phenotyping for routine testing.
Abstract
Generated trios were created by moving the alleged father (AF) in one trio to the next trio. Trios were selected so as to maintain the same racial classification of the nonbiological father and mother and child. Cases selected were in chronological order over an 18-month period. All tests were performed on judicial request. All 372 generated trios had ABO, Rh, MNS, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and HLA (A and B) systems tested. HLA-A and -B phenotyping directly excluded 81.73 percent of NBF. Red-blood-cell markers excluded 8.82 percent of NBF missed by HLA; only 0.81 percent of NBF were not identified by the markers used. The high percentage of detection of NBF depends on the number of antisera available and the applicability to the tested population. The criteria used for exclusion in this study were that a child had antigens absent from AF's and the mother's phenotypes and that a child lacked both alleles of one of the AF's locus. In routine cases, isolated indirect paternity exclusions require further investigations to achieve a direct exclusion or to determine if a rare allele is causing the apparent incompatibility. 2 tables and 7 references