NCJ Number
103253
Journal
Federal Probation Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Dated: (September 1986) Pages: 36-41
Date Published
1986
Length
6 pages
Annotation
The treatment of crime victims is traced historically, with emphasis on the attitudes of various civilizations, levels of government, legislators, and police.
Abstract
The law of Moses, the Code of Hammurabi, and Roman and Mosaic law all accorded considerable respect and freedom to victims in redressing wrongs against them. After the Middle Ages the victim lost favor, and much of the proceeds of restitution were diverted to the crown. Recently, however, the notion of victim restitution has gained popularity. At present, 43 States have victim compensation programs. Most of these programs require evidence of physical injury to the victim, cooperation with law enforcement, and a lack of victim contribution to the crime or injury. About half include a 'need' test. Funding for these programs is provided by general revenues, fines and penalties, or a combination. Finally, in 1984, Public Law 98-473 was enacted, guaranteeing Federal support to eligible crime victim compensation programs. The law established a crime victims' fund to be used for victim compensation, assistance, and service programs. 21 references.