NCJ Number
16198
Journal
Criminology Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Dated: (AUGUST 1974) Pages: 229-240
Date Published
1974
Length
12 pages
Annotation
A MODEL OF COMMUNITY POLICING STYLES BASED ON A STUDY OF GENERAL POLICING METHODS AND THE IMPACT OF THESE METHODS ON THE COMMUNITY.
Abstract
PREVIOUS STUDIES ON POLICING STYLES ARE FIRST REVIEWED. THE AUTHOR IDENTIFIES SIX POLICING METHODS AND CLASSIFIES THEM ACCORDING TO THE NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE REACTIONS THEY USUALLY HAVE ON THE COMMUNITY. METHODS WHICH EVOKE POSITIVE RESPONSES ARE THEN TERMED COUNSELOR ROLES, AND THOSE EVOKING NEGATIVE REACTIONS ARE CALLED ENFORCER METHODS. EACH OF THESE ROLES IS THEN VIEWED IN TERMS OF ITS RESPONSE EMPHASIS, THAT IS, WHETHER IT IS PROACTIVE (PREVENTATIVE) OR REACTIVE (RESPONDING ONLY TO NOTED PROBLEMS). FOUR STYLES OF POLICING ARE IDENTIFIED FROM DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF RESPONSE EMPHASIS AND RESPONSE METHODS. THESE STYLES ARE TERMED PASSIVE POLICING, PUNATIVE POLICING, SOCIAL POLICING AND INTEGRATED POLICING, THE LATTER IS SEEN AS THE MOST PROFESSIONAL STYLE, AS IT INVOLVES A BALANCE BETWEEN THE ENFORCER AND COUNSELOR ROLES AND A PROACTIVE APPROACH TO POLICING.